Long the private sector has been again came or intruders

Passionate polemics support in old age by community creates countless debates. Should opt for home maintenance as long as possible, with a focus on local services, or is it better to provide structures adapted to the inevitable dependence According to some, the elderly, almost always prefers, stay home, where it has its bearings, his friendships, his support. Others defend the inverse thesis, and believe that a person, only 24 hours on 24, cannot live in optimal conditions of comfort and safety. Difficult debate. May be simply conclude that home-based services are also necessary that the residences, for the well-being of the elderly and depending on the personal situation of each. A study conducted in 2005 for the Hospital Federation of France, by the Sofres, reveals that the French emit a short majority (52), a positive opinion on retirement homes. If this solution is appreciated for questions of security and break the isolation, on the other hand, home care is seen as offering a better quality of life. The retirement home appears as a preferable solution rather children to the elderly themselves, and remains a default solution, whose main asset is to ensure a minimum security, but that does not extend to integrate concepts of comfort, quality (of care / treatment) or pleasure. However, when the elderly, because of the onset of cognitive type dementia, lose their ability to decide for themselves, home maintenance becomes more difficult and especially less appropriate. There are in principle in the city all the tools or services for providing the home of benefits equivalent or even superior, to those that can be found in retirement home or hospital, and this at a lower cost except very heavy handicap situations. But these services are often quantitatively insufficient or poorly distributed. And they are primarily of a complex implementation and most often poorly coordinated. This is the development of services to the person's home can be found to be accomplished. The economic and social on their side, issues public authorities arise the issue of the choice between maintaining home or collective accommodation in terms of cost to the community, election issue and management of the city. In 1982, decentralization has strengthened the autonomy of the regions, which now play a decisive role in the management of the elderly and are trying to spread this load at best. Class accommodation was long seen as the only possible response to addiction due to old age. Home care solution then appeared more economical and humane way more satisfactory, with, in addition, the interest to establish a pool of potential jobs. But home maintenance has its limits and beyond a certain degree of dependency, it seems that the specialized structure accommodation is the most rational solution and least expensive. In particular, when individual housing does not present the necessary minimum comfort facilities. As a general rule, more than 60 years is broader than that of the young, but famous housing 1948, large and little comfortable, can prove to be impossible beyond a certain age. Paris, 30 of the elderly live on the fourth floor or above, without elevator. Private and associative sectors the strengths of the associative sector offer residences and services in the third age is still, in the majority, in the associative field. This peculiarity is explained, no doubt, by the history of the social treatment of old age in France: "monopoly" of religious institutions during several centuries, the support of the elderly is then returned to the State, which has partially delegated this mission to charitable or humanitarian associations; which are, since decentralization laws, closely controlled by the Councils. Long the private sector has been again came, or intruders. Today, private and associative engage always fierce competition. Associative, often tissue contribution by public bodies, has many strengths. One reason that the very term of association law 1901 non profit reassures often wary seniors to the sector private; then, because Time is money currency applies poorly to the clientele of the third age. Indeed, if the "young retirees" are generally broken this direct approach, most Alumni remain loyal to design another time and money. That they live alone or in collective accommodation structures, the elderly are, above all, women of time, attention and consideration. So hardly marketable services and associative structures are probably best suited to assume. Associations emphasize the aspect humanitarian and non-profit activities, probably because it is their best selling point. Even if the difference between a non profit association and a conventional SMEs is quite marked: the first was held to reinvest all profits late in the year, to develop its structure; private enterprise, it distributes in principle this benefit between the different partners of the company (it chooses often, in fact, the reinvestment). Each as other reason in terms of market to conquer, development and job creation. Patterns of the private sector are offended special provisions granted to the associations that they sometimes call "unfair competition". In fact, associations stamped "humanitarian purpose" or "public utility" have an unknown resource of the SARL: they can receive donations, deductible from the taxable amount of the donor. In addition to these individual donations in kind, they sometimes benefit from the generosity of private companies, often in the form of vehicles or other subsidies in kind. Finally, the associations receive grants far greater than the merchant sector. It is as well as some associations may announce rates schedules 11 to 15 euros, when private companies charge 20 euros similar benefits. Constraints establishments semi-private regards the facilities operated by a private person, financial expenses, allocations to depreciation and allowance accounts accounts can be taken into account in the overall staffing or in the price of day only under certain conditions:-the managing body is a Foundation, a mutual insurance group, a recognized public utility association or a congregation; -If it is a private association, provided that its statutes provide for cessation of activity, the vesting of the institution to a public body or a private organization pursuing a similar purpose; -If, without the existence of these statutes, the managing body undertakes to pay, in a public establishment or private pursuit of similar goals, working capital and reserves not spent and a sum corresponding to the real estate gain resulting from the expenses covered by the overall staffing or by the price of day termination. In other words, an institution, even private, funded by public money, cannot be regarded as a private heritage: termination of activity, the facility will be taken over by a public body or private accredited, or chosen by the prefect. The private supply: an area intended to develop the supply of services tends to be a place in an environment where there is little, the associative prevailed in master. The Government provisions, including those of the social cohesion plan born in 2005, are incentives for the creation of companies in this field. The private sector to develop at a dizzying pace since 130 private companies in service in 2000, moved to 5 000 in 2007. And the movement continues. Collective accommodation, the private supply gradually took over from public institutions. A few figures testify to the prosperity of this sector: in 1992, private for-profit, commercial law, represented 20 352 beds. In 2003, they had approximately 92 000. However, individual entrepreneurs are faced with several challenges: on the one hand, General advice are very picky, or even hostile, to grant an authorization to open. On the other hand, the safety standards are very restrictive and drastic. The private residential home have little chance to grow to a customer "top line" which exists, of course, but is not less minority. Term, this positioning "of high-end" is difficult to hold and private companies are often safer to use the subsidies of the Department, to ensure their cash, despite the constraints that implies recourse to social assistance.